-
Statistical Fracture Criterion of Brittle Materials Under Static and Repeated Loading
Dmytro Babich,
Volodymyr Bastun
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 6, November 2017
Pages:
117-121
Received:
2 August 2017
Accepted:
23 August 2017
Published:
19 September 2017
Abstract: A statistical strength criterion for brittle materials under static and repeated loadings is proposed. The criterion relates beginning of a macrofracture in the form of origination of microcracks to the moment at which the microcrack density in the material becomes critical. The idea of the criterion consists in identification of the values of microdefect concentration under static and repeated loadings with the value of microdefect concentration which is held in the case of fracture under uniaxial static loading. It is assumed that the microcrack concentration defines the life of structures made of brittle materials. The numerical example of practical use of the criterion under consideration is presented.
Abstract: A statistical strength criterion for brittle materials under static and repeated loadings is proposed. The criterion relates beginning of a macrofracture in the form of origination of microcracks to the moment at which the microcrack density in the material becomes critical. The idea of the criterion consists in identification of the values of micr...
Show More
-
A Physical Explanation on Why Our Space Is Three Dimensional
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 6, November 2017
Pages:
122-126
Received:
12 August 2017
Accepted:
28 August 2017
Published:
21 September 2017
Abstract: It is a basic, ancient and mysterious issue: why our space is three dimensional? This issue is related to philosophy, mathematics, physics and even religion, and thus aroused great research interests. The author makes an in-depth analysis of the problem, and finally comes to a conclusion: For any vector space with symmetry, orthogonality, homogeneity and completeness, the space dimension must be three on condition that: the energy obeys the law of conservation, the dynamics law is governed by the covariance principle, and thus the cross-product must can be defined in the space. Our space just meets and requires the above constraints, so its dimension is three.
Abstract: It is a basic, ancient and mysterious issue: why our space is three dimensional? This issue is related to philosophy, mathematics, physics and even religion, and thus aroused great research interests. The author makes an in-depth analysis of the problem, and finally comes to a conclusion: For any vector space with symmetry, orthogonality, homogenei...
Show More
-
The General Equation of Motion in a Gravitational Field Based Upon the Golden Metric Tensor
Nura Yakubu,
Samuel Xede Kofi Howusu,
Nuhu Ibrahim,
Ado Musa,
Abbas Babakura
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 6, November 2017
Pages:
127-131
Received:
3 August 2017
Accepted:
4 September 2017
Published:
22 September 2017
Abstract: In this paper, we used Howusu’s planetary equation. The general equation of motion is derived for particle of non-zero rest mass in a gravitational field based upon Riemannian geometry and the golden metric tensor which is thereby opens the way for further studies or to pave the way for applications such as planetary theory.
-
Synthesis, Structural, Electrical and Thermal Properties of ScFeO3 Ceramic
Falguni Bhadala,
Vikash Kumar Jha,
Lokesh Suthar,
Maheshwar Roy
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 6, November 2017
Pages:
132-139
Received:
12 August 2017
Accepted:
28 August 2017
Published:
25 September 2017
Abstract: The ceramic sample of ScFeO3 (SFO) has been prepared by standard high temperature solid state reaction method using high purity oxides. The formation of the compound as well as structural analysis has been carried out by X-ray diffraction method which confirmed the rhombohedral symmetry with polar space group R3c. The average grain size obtained by the Scherrer formula is of the order of 560 Å. The surface morphology of SFO has been investigated by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The average roughness obtained by two dimensional surface morphology ranges from 5.80 nm to 20.2 nm for surface area 5×5μm2 to 10×10μm2 respectively. The dielectric constant and dielectric loss as a function of frequency (100Hz-1MHz) and temperature (RT-650K) have been measured. At RT and 1kHz frequency the material shows high dielectric constant value (around 1800) with lossy nature. The transport properties such as I-V characteristics, ac and dc conductivities have been measured and activation energy was calculated using the Arrhenius relation. The I-V characteristic along with ac and dc conductivity studies show semiconducting behaviour with dc activation energy of 0.81eV. The Magnetic measurement indicates weak ferromagnetic behaviour. The Enthalpy change (ΔH), Specific heat (Cp) and % Weight-loss of the compound have been measured using DTA/TGA technique. The DTA curve shows transition around 1088K with Cp =2.3Jg-1K-1 and ΔH=18.4Jg-1. The low weight loss (around 2%) from RT -1200K suggest that the material is thermally stable. The results are discussed in detail.
Abstract: The ceramic sample of ScFeO3 (SFO) has been prepared by standard high temperature solid state reaction method using high purity oxides. The formation of the compound as well as structural analysis has been carried out by X-ray diffraction method which confirmed the rhombohedral symmetry with polar space group R3c. The average grain size obtained by...
Show More
-
Derivation of Transformation and One-Way Speed of Light in Kinematics of Special Theory of Ether
Karol Szostek,
Roman Szostek
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 6, November 2017
Pages:
140-147
Received:
28 September 2017
Accepted:
10 October 2017
Published:
31 October 2017
Abstract: At present, it is believed that the Special Theory of Relativity (STR) is the only theory explaining the Michelson-Morley and Kennedy-Thorndike experiments. This article proved that another theory in accordance with these experiments is possible. In this article, we derive the new theory of kinematics of bodies from the universal frame of reference (UFR, ether), which we called the Special Theory of Ether (STE). The article explains why Michelson-Morley and Kennedy-Thorndike experiments could not detect the universal frame of reference. In article, a different transformation of time and position than the Lorentz transformation is derived on the basis of the geometric analysis of the Michelson-Morley and Kennedy-Thorndike experiments. The formula for summation of speeds for absolute speed has been derived. Based on the derived transformation, we derive the formula for the velocity of light in vacuum measured in any inertial reference system. The entire article contains only original research conducted by its authors.
Abstract: At present, it is believed that the Special Theory of Relativity (STR) is the only theory explaining the Michelson-Morley and Kennedy-Thorndike experiments. This article proved that another theory in accordance with these experiments is possible. In this article, we derive the new theory of kinematics of bodies from the universal frame of reference...
Show More
-
An Energy Based Analysis of the Quark/Hadron Impact on Cosmic Decoupling
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 6, November 2017
Pages:
148-152
Received:
4 June 2017
Accepted:
19 June 2017
Published:
10 November 2017
Abstract: The initial state of the cosmos is analytically modeled as a radiation filled spherical cavity that expands from a singularity to later act as a clock and energy source in support of a 3-stage, radiation to a quark-hadron based, decoupling process. The model thereby avoids a need for Inflation and the presence of matter at start-up and during the radiation dominated phase, but nevertheless remains strongly consistent with attributes of the Guth Inflationary model. At decoupling, only quark family #1 with up-down attributes has adequate energy to successfully complete decoupling. Earlier in a 3-stage process, attempts at hadronization by quark families #2 and #3 fail due to large quark size and binding energy requirements that exceed the available radiation energy supply. These attempts decay rapidly to take a quark family #1 form. Decoupling is further modeled as half-spin based radiation resonance forms that are linked, via particle time dilation, to matter based micro-black-holes.
Abstract: The initial state of the cosmos is analytically modeled as a radiation filled spherical cavity that expands from a singularity to later act as a clock and energy source in support of a 3-stage, radiation to a quark-hadron based, decoupling process. The model thereby avoids a need for Inflation and the presence of matter at start-up and during the r...
Show More
-
A Neutral Atom Moving in an External Magnetic Field Does Not Feel a Lorentz Force
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 6, November 2017
Pages:
153-155
Received:
8 November 2017
Accepted:
28 November 2017
Published:
20 December 2017
Abstract: A Lorentz force is generally exerted on a moving charged particle in an external magnetic field. But it is often asked whether also a neutral atom can feel a Lorentz force when moving straightly in an external magnetic field. It is shown that this is definitely not the case.
